Terraform validate reports syntax check errors from which of the following scenarios?

The scenario where there is a missing value for a variable is indeed reported by Terraform validate when the configuration is being checked. Terraform validate performs a syntax check of the configuration files, and if a required variable is not assigned a value and is missing during validation, it will indeed flag that as a syntax error. This is because Terraform expects all required variables to have specified values or defaults, and failing to provide a value prevents Terraform from being able to validate the configuration adequately.

In contrast, while a typo in the provider block, incorrect formatting of resources, or configuration files placed in the wrong directory may lead to issues during execution or application of the Terraform plan, they do not necessarily cause validation to fail. Validation focuses primarily on the syntactic correctness of the Terraform configurations and whether all elements are properly defined and used.